Oven.



A. D .0RDWAY.

OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 23. 1915.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

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W-nesss:

ARTHUR D. ORDWAY, OF NEWBURYPORT, MASSACHUSETTS.

OVEN.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 16, 1917.

Application led February 23, 1915. Serial No. 9,798.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR D. ORDwAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newburyport, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inOvens, of which the following description, in connect-ion with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like arts.

This invention relates to portable and other ovens such as are used for baking food stus, and among other objects aims to provide a simple, strong construction, parts of which may be readily removed for purposes of replacement or repair.

The character of the invent-ion may be best understood by reference to the following description of an villustrative embodiment thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section through an illustrative oven shown herein as embodying the invention. Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale is a sectional detail of parts shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a modification which may be used in some instances in place of construction shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 on an enlarged scale is a vertical longitudinal section through the oven taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, the illustrative oven shown therein as embodying the invention comprises a frame including uprights lshown herein in the form of angle bars. These uprights are connected in turn by horizontally vdisposed angle bars 3. An I-bar 5 extends longitudinally of the frame and rests upon the front and rear horizontal angle bars 3. At t-he sides of the frame are secured angl-e` bars 7 which combine with the I-bar 5 referred to to support a series of channel bars 9 on which rest tiles 11 constituting the floor of the oven.

To ferm the side walls of the oven strong, heavy tiles 13 are provided which rest on the floor tiles 11 spaced a short distance from the outside edges of said floor to leave a margin for a purpose to be described.

An important feature of the invention relates to the construction of the crown of the oven whereby the elements thereof may be readily removed for purposes of replacement or repair. To accomplish this there is provided a series of crown bars 15 preferably T-shaped in cross section and arched somewhat. Each crown bar is made of sections the number of which may vary according to the widthof the oven. In Fig. 1 is shown an arched bar composed of two sections the outer ends of which rest freely on foot plates on the side wall tiles 13 while their inner ends meet substantially adjacent the center line of the oven. One of these crown bars has an ear 17 olfset from the web thereof and over-lapping the other bar. To contribute to the support of the crown bars hangers 19 are provided having their upper ends projecting through a channel bar23 extending longitudinally of the oven with its ends securedto the oven frame preferably at the top thereof. The channel bar is .reinforced by angle barsriveted to the opposite sides thereof. The lower ends of the hangers 19 are bent to present studs 25 which are entered through registering apertures in the over-lapping portions of the crown bar sections, said studs being secured in place by nuts 27. Referring to Fig. 2 it will lbe seen that the ends of the sections meet and an abutting joint is formed between both the flanges and the webs of the bars similar to the joint between the elements or voussoirs of an arch. The web of one section may overlap the flange of the other, as shown, to hold the parts in position. 'The stud 25 will also act to keep the parts together in arch' form. These crown bars are distributed longitudinally of the oven'and serve to support tiles 29 which are provided with grooves 31 adapted to be slid over the flanges 33 of the crown bars.

To strengthen the channel supporting the hangers for the crown bars a truss is provided comprising a central strut 35 having its upper end seated against the web of the channel 23 and its lower end provided with a bore 37 and a notch 39 extending transversely to said bore. A tension rod 41 eX- tends through said bore and thence in opposite directions inclines `upward and the ends thereof pass through holes in the up-V per members of the frame and are secured by nuts 43 bearing en obliquely faced washers 45. Seatedin the notch 39 is a tension rod 47 extending transversely to the rod 41 in opposite directions upward with its ends projecting through holes in the upper members of the frame and secured to nuts 49 bearing against obliquely .faced washers 69 supported by the frame.

5l. By adjusting the nuts 13 and 49 the tension rods mav be adjusted with any desired nicety to impart suitable support to the strut 35.

In ovens of this type it is customary to provide a grate within the oven preferably at one corner thereof. This corner therefore experiences the highest heats and the crown at this point must be the strongest. To accomplish this the oven is provided over the grate with crown bar sections 53 which have a greater' depth of web and are of heavier and stronger construction than the other crown sections of the oven. The chimney or opening for the exhaust of the products of combustion does not appear in the drawing. It may enter the interior chamber of the oven at any convenient point, desirably diagonally opposite from the grate.

To prevent so far as possible the loss of heat from the oven, outer walls are provided and ashes or other appropriate material are filled in between the ovenwalls and said outerV walls. IIeretofore the outer walls have been constructed of sheet metal but this metal is objectionable for various reasons. Among others, it is likely to be attacked by moisture from steam within the oven or from conditions without the oven with resultant deterioration thereof. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a strong and effective outer wall for the oven which will befree from the objections referred to and at the same time will contribute to the preventing of loss of heat from the oven. To accomplish this, outer walls are provided of ire'clay hollow tile The tile use is of high grade and exceedingly strong. It is quite refractory and will stand sudden changes in temperature. It has a finished appearance and can readily be shipped and set up without danger of fracture or breaking.

As shown herein the outer side walls are formed of rows 55, 57, 59 and 61 of such tiles supported on horizontal angle bars secured to the frame uprights 1.

Beneath the floor of the oven is a false bottom consisting of rows 63 of these fire clay hollow tiles resting on angle bars 65 supported at their outer ends on horizontal angle bars of the frame and at theirl inner ends on flanges of the I beam 5 referred to. The top of the oven comprises rows 67 of fire clay hollow tiles resting on angle bars The space between the floor of the oven and the false bottom may be filled with ashes or other appropriate material and the space between the crown of the oven and the top may be filled with similar material.

In Fig. 3 is shown a modification of the structure shown in Fig. 2. The crown bar instead of being of two sections as shown in Fig. 2 is composed of three sections, 71, 73

and 75. The section 71 is provided with an ear 71"* over-lapping the section 75 and the latter section is provided with an ear 75si over-lapping section 73. Instead of employing a single hanger 19, two hangers, 77 and 79 are provided having their upper ends secured by nuts to angle bars 81 paralleling the channel 23 referred to and having their lower ends bent to present studs which are inserted through openings in over-lapping portions of the sections. These openings preferably are elongated somewhat to enable the expansion and contraction of the bars when subjected to dierent temperatures.

The modification shown in Fig. 3 preferably is employed in constructing extra large ovens, where, if merely two sections were used in the 'crown bar they would be necessarily so large as to make their removal for purposes of replacement or repair difficult.

After an oven has been in use for a time it may be necessary to replace some of the crown tiles or other supporting bars. By the construction described a small portion of the crown may be readily repaired without disturbing the remainder of the crown.

f, for example it is desired to substitute a new crown bar section for the one above the grate nearest the front of the oven, it is simply necessary to remove the top tiles and ashes directly above this section to expose the same. Then the free end of said section is grasped and slid along the wall 13 toward the front of the oven a sutlicient distance to free the flange of the bar from the grooves in the rst row of crown tiles supported thereby. The two sections constituting the crown bar are bolted together with suflicient looseness to permit the slight sliding of the section described. This bolt constitutes the only anchorage for the crown bar since its ends merely rest upon the side walls without being secured thereto. The section thus freed from its tiles is then disconnected from its companion Vsection by removing the nut 27 and withdrawing the stud 25 therefrom. The stud. however. is not withdrawn from said companion section and therefore may continue to support the same. The section is now fre'e to be lifted away from its companion section and the side wall on which it was supported and a new one may then be readily inserted in place thereof. The ear of the new section is secured to the hanger bar and the tiles are slid back along flanges of the sections into their original positions. Then the ashes and top tiles may be lilled in place and the repair is complete. All of this is accomplished locally without necessitating any substantial disturbance of parts other than those to be replaced. The sectional construction of the crown bars other than the one over the gra-te facilitates their removal in a similar manner, but the crown bar section directly over the grate is subjected to the highest heats and therefore is the one most likely to wear out and require the substitution of a new one therefor. The sectional construction of the crown bars also greatly facilitates the substituting of a new crown tile for a broken or injured one without substantial disturbance to the crown.

I-Ieretofore so far as I am aware in repairing ovens of this type it has been necessary to employ a mechanic conversant with and skilled in the construction thereof but by my invention in case a new part of the crown is desired, the same may be shipped to the user of the oven and with simple instructions it may be set in place without the expense of employing assistance.

The temperature changes to which ovens of this class are subjected are likely to cause the crown bars to expand and ontract more or less. In expanding, their ree ends may slide along the side walls of the oven and tend to cause the bars to sag downward. This, however, is edectively prevented by the system of hangers and the truss top construction described. This construction with a minimum amount of material provides a maximum strength. A single channel extending the length of the oven may serve to support all of the hangers, the strain on said channel being distributed to the four sides of the oven frame by the tension rod and st-rut arrangement.

Having described one illustrative embodiment of the invention without limiting the same thereto, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Iatent, is:

l. An oven comprising a frame, a chamber of suitable ceramic material carried thereby and including a crown, supporting bars for said crown resting freely on the walls of said chamber, and suspensory supporting means for said bars intermediate said ends.

2. An oven comprising a frame, a chamber of suitable ceramic material carried thereby and including a crown, supporting bars for said crown resting freely on the walls of said chamber, and suspensory supporting means for said bars intermediate said ends and means bracing said supporting means to sides of the frame.

3. An oven comprising a frame, a chamber of suitable ceramic material carried thereby and including a crown, supporting bars for said crown resting freely on the walls of said chamber, a beam extending transversely of said bars and from which the bars are suspended intermediate their ends and hanger truss means bracing said beam to sides of the frame.

fl. An oven comprising a frame, a chamber of suitable ceramic material carried thereby and including a multipartite crown,

sectional bars supporting the elements of said crown and detachable suspending means for said sections.

5. An oven comprising a frame, a chamber of suitable ceramic material carried thereby and including a multipartite crown, sectional bars supporting the elements of said crown and having ends resting freely on the walls of said chamber and detachable suspending means for said sections remote from said ends.

6. An oven comprising a frame, a chamber of suitable ceramic material of smaller plan area and volume carried thereby including a crown having a supporting bar or beam and means for supporting the same including a central member connected thereto and sustaining members therefor crossing said frame and secured respectively to opposite sides thereof.

7. An oven comprising a frame, a chamber of suitable ceramic material carried thereby and including a multipartite crown and bars on which the elements of said crown rest formed of separable sections, the ends of certain sections resting freely on the side walls of the chamber, said sections each having a one point supporting connection with said frame.

8. An oven comprising a chamber of suitable ceramic material carried thereby and including a crown, said crown comprising supporting bars formed in separable sections and tiles removably interlocked with said bars, and supporting means for said bars permitting the individual removal of said sections.

9. In an oven a chamber of suitable ceramic material including a crown, supporting bars for said crown resting on the side walls thereof and including a number of separable curved sections having ends abutting to form an arch and means securing' said sections together.

l0. In an oven a chamber of suitable ceramic material including a crown, sup porting bars for said crown resting on the side walls thereof and including a number of separable curved sections having abutting flanges and webs, the web of one section extending over the flange of an adjacent section.

11. A portable oven comprising a framework, walls of hollow tile supported thereby, an interior chamber spaced from said walls, heat insulating material between the chamber and walls, said chamber including a multipartite crown, sectional supporting bars for the crown and means for sustaining said bars from the framework having provision permitting individual removal of sections of said bars.

12. An oven comprising, in combination, a metal frame, an inner solid tile closure and an outer hollow tile closure mounte thereon, said. inner closure including a In testimony whereof, I have signed my crown comprising metal arched bars each name to this specification, in the presence of 10 including members detachably connected totwo subscribing Witnesses.

gather hangers connected to meetin ends of said members, a bar supporting` said ARTHUR D' ORDWAY' hangers, and truss means connected to said Witnesses:

frame contributing to the support of said HENRY T. WILLIAMS,

hanger bar. ROBERT H. KAMMLER.

Copies oi this patent may be obtainedfor five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,212,390, granted January 16, I

1917, upon the application of Arthur D. OrdWay, of Newburyport, Massachusetts,

for an improvement in Ovens, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 38, for the Word luse read used; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 20th day of February, A. D., 1917.

F. W. H. CLAY,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

[SEAL] 

